The Development Goals For Adolescent Health, And Non...

Over the last quarter century, there has been an increase in evidence based research and action from national, international, and non-governmental organizations on the health of adolescents.1 Moving into the post 2015 agenda, there has been a recent convergence of international attention for adolescent health with a 20 year review of progress on achieving the goals of the Cairo programme of action, the millennium development goals progress review, and the 2011 World Health Assembly resolution on youth and health risk.1,2 While adolescent health is an emerging area, it remains neglected without a single agency or institution with a directive that focuses exclusively on adolescents.3 Furthermore, the current proposal for the Sustainable Development Goals that will supersede the Millennium Development Goals after 2015, does not propose a target primarily related to adolescent health.4 Adolescence is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the ages between10 to 24 years that mark the transition between childhood and adulthood.1 There are currently 1.8 billion adolescents worldwide, and this population often comprises of 20 percent of a country’s population.5 Low and middle income countries (LMICs) have almost 90 percent of the world’s adolescents.1 This life stage is characterized by rapid physical, intellectual, and emotional developmental changes that require a health approach that diverges from children and adults.1,6 Adolescent sexual and reproductiveShow MoreRelatedDemocracy and Government853 Words   |  3 Pagespeople, serving industries more than citizens. 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Marketing Strategy Marketing Plan Essay - 997 Words

IV. MARKETING PLAN Our product s main marketing objective is to focus on the customers wants and needs and, at the same time, maintain a marketable selection of shoe polish at all times. This will allow us to effectively influence and persuade them to buy. Marketing Strategy:- Advertising: Our main advertising strategy is to let our potential customer know that we are aware of their wants and needs and have quality inventory and prices. Market Segmentation, Target Marketing and Positioning Market Segmentation: †¢ Segmentation will be done according to geographical areas, demographic. †¢ The population of the country is segmented into three parts which are urban, sub urban and rural area consumers. GEOGRAPHIC SEGMENTATION: The huge market is available in the metro cities as there are large number of professionals found in these cities so there are lot of opportunities in these cities so we will mainly focusing on these cities. Target Market: All Star Shoe polish is not a highly expensive but an affordable product. That is why the company targets urban and sub urban upper middle and middle class people who are the second highest population of segment of the country. It will mainly focus on: †¢ School and college Students. †¢ Professionals. †¢ Businessman. †¢ Employees etc. Product Positioning: We have planned to obtained a good position in the buyer s mind through better Product attributes, Price and Quality, Offering the product in a different way than the competitors do.Show MoreRelatedMarketing Plan For A Marketing Strategy909 Words   |  4 PagesA marketing plan is crucial to the survival of an organization. Marketing plans need to be well thought out and target a certain market. The market that an organization chooses will demonstrate what direction they want the organization to head in. 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Supporting Collaborative Inquiry A Biology -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Supporting Collaborative Inquiry A Biology? Answer: Introduction Peer-to-peer learning approach is becoming popular among students and universities as more and more studies prove the disadvantage of students dependability on teachers. Due to the advancement of technology, the students can easily access their teachers any time from devices such as computer, laptop and smartphone and easily clear their quarries. It increases the number of dependent students who lack the ability to learn and understand new topics on their own (Farooq, Chaudhry, Shafiq Berhanu, 2011). In Peer-to-peer learning approach, the students learn with their fellow peers, and they understand topics based on their fellow students experiences and abilities. The students have to teach their peers in the Peer-to-peer learning approach which increases their ability to learn as well (Stracke, 2010). The structure of this report will include four key points that prove how Peer-to-peer learning approach assist in increasing student independence. The report will analyse the Peer-to-pee r learning approach based on secondary research from articles, journals, and other peer-reviewed material. The purpose of this report is to analyse how Peer-to-peer learning assists in promoting independence in students and provide various recommendations that improve its effectiveness. Peer-to-peer learning reduces the dependability of students on teachers Peer-to-peer learning approach requires students to understand new topics on their own and teach fellow peers as well, which reduces their dependability on teachers and increases their independence. In recent years, students dependability on their teachers has grown substantially which reduces their ability to learn (Guldberg, 2008). Students have different options to easily connect with their teachers through various sources such as computer, smartphone, social media site, university portal and others. The students did not have to engage in the learning process, and they are not requiring performing activities such as organising, practising, analysing and assessing the information. The students failed to understand topics on their own without the assistance of their teacher which result in increasing the number of dependent students. The dependent students lack the ability to innovative or bring creative solutions to the problems since they are unable to understand new topics (Yang Chen, 2008). In Peer-to-peer learning approach, the students learn and understand new topic without the assistance of their teachers. Students have to learn new topics based on the experience of their own and their peers which increase their engagement in the learning process. The lack of assistance from teachers makes students capable of understanding new topics on their own which makes them independent. Highly Engaged Students are More Independent Students have to engage in the learning and teaching process in Peer-to-peer learning approach which makes them more independent. Most of the students did not engage in learning activities while studying in universities because they have different sources and teaching material which they can assess easily (Laru, Jarvela Clariana, 2012). They can also easily resolve their quarries with the help of their teacher which reduces the requirement for engaging in the learning process. On the other hand, students engage in learning and teaching activities in Peer-to-peer learning approach since they have to teach and learn topics on their own. Students perform various activities during Peer-to-peer learning strategy such as organising the information, assessing the data and analysing the study material. Students did not perform these activities while learning from their teacher since they do it for them (Schmidt, Geith, Haklev Thierstein, 2009). While performing these activities, students e ngage in the study material which makes them independent since they understand and perform learning activities without the assistance of teacher. Therefore, Peer-to-peer learning approach assists in increasing student independence by making them more engaged in the learning and teaching process. Learn Autonomy increase Independence Peer-to-peer learning approach makes students autonomous by increasing their ability to learn and teach which makes that independent. Learner autonomy is defined as students ability to learn new topics without the assistance of teachers (Smith, 2008). Autonomous learners did not require assistance from their teachers while learning new topics, instead, they focus on their own skills and abilities while understanding the topic. In Peer-to-peer learning approach, students have to evaluate others and their own learning abilities. Self-evaluation and criticism from others assist students in enhancing their ability to learn. The evaluation assists students in determining their strengths and weaknesses in the learning process (Devenish, Dyer, Jefferson, Lord, Van Leeuwen Fazakerley, 2009). They can use this information to improve their learning abilities by addressing their weaknesses and improving their skills with the assistance of fellow students. Effective learning ability makes stude nts autonomous learn which means they did not require assistance from teachers to learn new topics. Therefore, Peer-to-peer learning approach assists in promoting student independence by making them autonomous learners. Peer-to-peer learning increase Self-confidence in Students Peer-to-peer learning approach promotes independence in students by making them more self-confident. Most students lack confidence because they are dependent upon their teachers and they did not understand their learning potential (Holz, Steiner, Dahl, Biersack Freiling, 2008). In Peer-to-peer learning approach, students evaluate their and others learning abilities which provides them information about their weaknesses and strengths. The students who know their strengths did not require teachers assistance to learn new topics. They are confident enough to learn new topics on their own without the assistance and support of their teachers (Liu Hwang, 2010). The self-confidence students have better synergy in Peer-to-peer learning approach since they are aware of their strengths and weaknesses which make them less likely to give unnecessary criticism. Synergy is also the key goal of Peer-to-peer learning approaches which improves the effectiveness of learning and teaching approach. Th erefore, the synergy between students increases self-confidence among them which makes them independent. Conclusion From the above observations, it can be concluded that the number of dependable students is continuously increasing because they can easily get assistance from their teachers regarding the issue. Peer-to-peer learning approach assists in reducing dependability of students on teachers which makes them more independent. In Peer-to-peer learning, students learn new topics without the assistance of their teachers which increases their engagement in the learning process because they have to perform various activities such as organising, assessing, and collecting of data. The students evaluate their strengths and weaknesses which makes them more confidence about their learning skills which increase their learner autonomy and promote independence. Peer-to-peer learning approach makes students self-educated which reduce their dependency on teachers. Therefore, Peer-to-peer learning approach assists in increasing student independence. Recommendations Students face various issues during Peer-to-peer learning approach such as lack of experience and unnecessary criticism. Following recommendations can assist in improving the effectiveness of Peer-to-peer learning approach which promotes student independence. Promoting Peer-to-peer learning Programs Many studies have proved that the number of dependable students in growing continuously which reduces the number of innovative and creative students. Universities and educational professional should promote Peer-to-peer learning programs such as PASS to address this issue. Peer Assisted Study Session (PASS) program is one of the models for Peer-to-peer learning approach that is gaining popularity between universities (Perez-Garcia, 2009). They should promote these programs to increase Peer-to-peer learning approach between students which result in making them independent. Careful Selection of Peers During Peer-to-peer learning approach, students have to give criticism to one another which might result in increasing conflicts between them. Students might give unnecessary feedback to each other which increases dispute between them and decrease the quality of their learning. Therefore, students should behave appropriately with one another during Peer-to-peer learning approach and select their friends as peers to avoid disputes. Lack of Experience During Peer-to-peer learning, Students might find it difficult to learn and understand difficult topics due to lack of experience and qualification than compared to a teacher. Therefore, they should take advice from teachers and other senior students which will result in increasing the effectiveness of Peer-to-peer learning approach and help them resolve their quarries more easily. Handling the Criticism In Peer-to-peer learning approach, students have to self-evaluate their weaknesses which might discourage them and result in reducing their learning abilities. Universities and schools should implement programs for Peer-to-peer learning approach for students which assist them in effectively handling the criticism that result in improving their learning skills (Larrimore, Jiang, Larrimore, Markowitz Gorski, 2011) References Devenish, R., Dyer, S., Jefferson, T., Lord, L., van Leeuwen, S., Fazakerley, V. (2009). Peer to peer support: The disappearing work in the doctoral student experience.Higher Education Research Development,28(1), 59-70. Farooq, M. S., Chaudhry, A. H., Shafiq, M., Berhanu, G. (2011). Factors affecting students quality of academic performance: a case of secondary school level.Journal of quality and technology management,7(2), 1-14. Guldberg, K. (2008). Adult learners and professional development: peer?to?peer learning in a networked community.International Journal of Lifelong Education,27(1), 35-49. Holz, T., Steiner, M., Dahl, F., Biersack, E., Freiling, F. C. (2008). Measurements and Mitigation of Peer-to-Peer-based Botnets: A Case Study on Storm Worm.LEET,8(1), 1-9. Larrimore, L., Jiang, L., Larrimore, J., Markowitz, D., Gorski, S. (2011). Peer to peer lending: The relationship between language features, trustworthiness, and persuasion success.Journal of Applied Communication Research,39(1), 19-37. Laru, J., Jrvel, S., Clariana, R. B. (2012). Supporting collaborative inquiry during a biology field trip with mobile peer-to-peer tools for learning: a case study with K-12 learners.Interactive Learning Environments,20(2), 103-117. Liu, G. Z., Hwang, G. J. (2010). A key step to understanding paradigm shifts in e?learning: towards context?aware ubiquitous learning.British Journal of Educational Technology,41(2). Prez?Garca, M. (2009). MUVEnation: A European peer?to?peer learning programme for teacher training in the use of MUVEs in education.British Journal of Educational Technology,40(3), 561-567. Schmidt, J. P., Geith, C., Hklev, S., Thierstein, J. (2009). Peer-to-peer recognition of learning in open education.The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning,10(5). Smith, R. (2008). Learner autonomy.ELT journal,62(4), 395-397. Stracke, E. (2010). Undertaking the journey together: Peer learning for a successful and enjoyable PhD experience.Journal of University Teaching Learning Practice,7(1), 8. Yang, S. J., Chen, I. Y. (2008). A social network-based system for supporting interactive collaboration in knowledge sharing over peer-to-peer network.International Journal of Human-Computer Studies,66(1), 36-50.

Promotional mix free essay sample

Introduction: The marketing mix is a business tool used in marketing and by marketing professionals. The marketing mix is often crucial when determining a product or brands offering, and is often synonymous with the four Ps: price, product, promotion, and place; in service marketing, however, the four Ps have been expanded to the Seven Ps or Eight Ps to address the different nature of services. Definition: The definition that many marketers learn as they start out in the industry is: Putting the right product in the right place, at the right price, at the right time. The marketing mix refers to the set of actions, or tactics, that a company uses to promote its brand or product in the market. The 4Ps make up a typical marketing mix. When marketing their products firms need to create a successful mix of: the right product sold at the right price in the right place using the most suitable promotion. We will write a custom essay sample on Promotional mix or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To create the right marketing mix, businesses have to meet the following conditions: The product has to have the right features for example, it must look good and work well. The price must be right. Consumer will need to buy in large numbers to produce a healthy profit. The goods must be in the right place at the right time. Making sure that the goods arrive when and where they are wanted is an important operation. The target group needs to be made aware of the existence and availability of the product through promotion. Successful promotion helps a firm to spread costs over a larger output. 1.Product: (refers to the item actually being sold) A product is seen as an item that satisfies what a consumer demands. It is a tangible good or an intangible service. For example good will for intangible. Tangible products are those that have an independent physical existence. Typical examples of mass-produced, tangible objects are the motor car and the disposable razor. A less obvious but ubiquitous mass-produced service is a computer operating system. The marketer must also consider the product mix. Marketers can expand the current product mix by increasing a certain product lines depth or by increasing the number of product lines. Marketers should consider the features and benefits you offer, your unique selling points (What makes your product/service different from everyone elses) and what potential spin-off products of services might be. Marketers should consider how to position the product, how to exploit the brand, how to exploit the companys resources and how to configure the product mix so that each product complements the other. The marketer must also consider product development strategies. 2.Price: (refers to the value that is put for a product/ the amount a customer pays for the product) Price is a critical part and is very important of your marketing mix as it determines the companys profit and hence, survival. Choosing the right price for your products or services will help you to maximise profits and also build strong relationships with your customers. By pricing effectively you will also avoid the serious financial consequences that can occur if you price too low (not enough profit) or too high (not enough sales). When setting a price, the marketer must be aware of the customer perceived value for the product. Your overall pricing strategy will depend on your marketing, business and lifestyle objectives. Three basic pricing strategies are: 1. market skimming pricing, 2. market penetration pricing and 3. neutral pricing. The reference value (where the consumer refers to the prices of competing products) and the differential value (the consumers view of this products attributes versus the attributes of other products) must be taken into account. 3.Place: (refers to the point of sale/ refers to providing the product at a place which is convenient for consumers to access) In every industry, catching the eye of the consumer and making it easy for her to buy it is the main aim of a good distribution or place strategy. Whether its a retail store, online shop or on social media place refers to the channels and locations for distributing your product, related information and support services. This is how you will position your product or service in the marketplace. Place represents the location where a product can be purchased. It is often referred to as the distribution channel. This may include any physical store (supermarket, departmental stores) as well as virtual stores (such as ebay) on the Internet. Being in the right location can be a deciding factor in whether a customer buys from you or not. To find out where your ideal customer is buying from its worth doing some market research. 4.Promotion: (this refers to all the activities undertaken to make the product or service known to the user and trade) Promotion is the business of communicating with customers. It will provide information that will assist them in making a decision to purchase a product or service. How do you promote and market your business now (or intend to)? Regardless of how good your business is, if you don’t promote it and tell people you exist, it’s unlikely you will make many sales. Compare what your competitors do for promotion, noting what does and doesn’t work for them as well as yourself. Promotion is more than selling and advertising your business. It’s about attracting the right people to use and reuse your business. There are a number of techniques to use and they can be combined in various ways to create the most cost effective strategy for your needs. This can include online, branding, public relations and advertising. The additional elements that make up your marketing strategy are- 5.People: (the employees of the organization with whom customers come into contact) Every employee in your business (if you have them) can influence the marketing of your products and services. Knowledgeable and friendly staff can contribute to creating satisfied customers, and can provide the unique selling experience that an organisation is often seeking. If an outstanding team provides a competitive advantage, then the quality of recruitment and training becomes essential to achieving your marketing objectives. Make sure you have processes and training in place to get the most out of your team. 6.Process: Process represents the buying experience the customer gets when they buy your product or service. For example, the way a fine bottle of wine is presented and served in a restaurant, the reaction of a business to a complaint or the speed of delivery in a fast food outlet. A poor process can undermine the other elements of the marketing mix. Budget airlines, for example, may offer very competitive headline prices, but if the final price is inflated by additional charges such as baggage charges and administrative fees, customers may begin to feel they have been taken advantage of. Try to document your key processes and procedures so your staff and suppliers know what to aim for. 7.Physical evidence: (pertains to how you, your products, or your company is presented in the market place) The physical environment where your products or services are sold and delivered can have a significant impact on how your customers experience your business. The physical environment can be the quality of the furnishings in your consulting rooms, the design of your reception area or website. Creating a positive physical environment doesn’t have to be costly – a vase full of fresh flowers or a creative window display can make a big difference. Many marketing specialists are now seeing the 4Ps as too product-oriented and have adopted the 4Cs marketing mix. In recent times, the concept of four Cs has been introduced as a more customer-driven replacement of four Ps. And there are two four Cs theories today. One is Lauterborns four Cs- (consumer, cost, communication, convenience), another is Shimizus four Cs- (commodity, cost, communication, channel). Pcategory C category C definition Product Consumer Products are likely to produce as consumer orientation. Price Cost reflecting the total cost of ownership. Many factors affect Cost, including but not limited to the customers cost to change or implement the new product or service and the customers cost for not selecting a competitors product or service. Promotion Communication represents a broader focus. Communications can include advertising, public relations, personal selling, viral advertising, and any form of communication between the organization and the consumer. Place (Distribution) Convenience With the rise of Internet and hybrid models of purchasing, Place is becoming less relevant. Convenience takes into account the ease of buying the product, finding the product, finding information about the product, and several other factors. Robert F. Lauterborn proposed a four Cs classification in 1993[7] which is a more consumer-oriented version of the four Ps that attempts to better fit the movement from mass marketing to niche marketing: After Koichi Shimizu proposed a four Cs classification in 1973, this was expanded to the Seven Cs Compass Model to provide a more complete picture of the nature of marketing in 1981. It attempts to explain the success or failure of a firm within a market and is somewhat analogous to Michael Porters diamond model, which tries to explain the success and failure of different countries economically. P category C category C definition Product Commodity It is not product out. The goods and services for the consumers or citizens. Price Cost There is not only producing cost and selling cost but purchasing cost and social cost. Promotion Communication Marketing communication : Not only promotion but communication is important. Communications can include advertising, sales promotion, public relations, publicity, personal selling, corporate identity. Place Promotional mix free essay sample Introduction: The marketing mix is a business tool used in marketing and by marketing professionals. The marketing mix is often crucial when determining a product or brands offering, and is often synonymous with the four Ps: price, product, promotion, and place; in service marketing, however, the four Ps have been expanded to the Seven Ps or Eight Ps to address the different nature of services. Definition: The definition that many marketers learn as they start out in the industry is: Putting the right product in the right place, at the right price, at the right time. The marketing mix refers to the set of actions, or tactics, that a company uses to promote its brand or product in the market. The 4Ps make up a typical marketing mix. To create the right marketing mix, businesses have to meet the following conditions: The product has to have the right features for example, it must look good and work well. We will write a custom essay sample on Promotional mix or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The price must be right. Consumer will need to buy in large numbers to produce a healthy profit. The goods must be in the right place at the right time. Making sure that the goods arrive when and where they are wanted is an important operation. The target group needs to be made aware of the existence and availability of the product through promotion. Successful promotion helps a firm to spread costs over a larger output. 1.Product: (refers to the item actually being sold) A product is seen as an item that satisfies what a consumer demands. It is a tangible good or an intangible service. For example good will for intangible. Tangible products are those that have an independent physical  existence. Typical examples of mass-produced, tangible objects are the motor car and the disposable razor. A less obvious but ubiquitous mass-produced service is a computer operating system. The marketer must also consider the product mix. Marketers can expand the current product mix by increasing a certain product lines depth or by increasing the number of product lines. Marketers should consider the features and benefits you offer, your unique selling points (What makes your product/service different from everyone elses) and what potential spin-off products of services might be. Marketers should consider how to position the product, how to exploit the brand, how to exploit the companys resources and how to configure the product mix so that each product complements the other. The marketer must also consider product development strategies. 2.Price: (refers to the value that is put for a product/ the amount a customer pays for the product) Price is a critical part and is very important of your marketing mix as it determines the companys profit and hence, survival. Choosing the right price for your products or services will help you to maximise profits and also build strong relationships with your customers. By pricing effectively you will also avoid the serious financial consequences that can occur if you price too low (not enough profit) or too high (not enough sales). When setting a price, the marketer must be aware of the customer perceived value for the product. Your overall pricing strategy will depend on your marketing, business and lifestyle objectives. Three basic pricing strategies are: 1. market skimming pricing, The reference value (where the consumer refers to the prices of competing products) and the differential value (the consumers view of this products attributes versus the attributes of other products) must be taken into account. 3.Place: (refers to the point of sale/ refers to providing the product at a place which is convenient for consumers to access) In every industry,  catching the eye of the consumer and making it easy for her to buy it is the main aim of a good distribution or place strategy. Whether its a retail store, online shop or on social media place refers to the channels and locations for distributing your product, related information and support services. This is how you will position your product or service in the marketplace. Place represents the location where a product can be purchased. It is often referred to as the distribution channel. This may include any physical store (supermarket, departmental stores) as well as virtual stores (such as ebay) on the Internet. Being in the right location can be a deciding factor in whether a customer buys from you or not. To find out where your ideal customer is buying from its worth doing some market research. 4.Promotion: (this refers to all the activities undertaken to make the product or service known to the user and trade) Promotion is the business of communicating with customers. It will provide information that will assist them in making a decision to purchase a product or service. How do you promote and market your business now (or intend to)? Regardless of how good your business is, if you don’t promote it and tell people you exist, it’s unlikely you will make many sales. Compare what your competitors do for promotion, noting what does and doesn’t work for them as well as yourself. Promotion is more than selling and advertising your business. It’s about attracting the right people to use and reuse your business. There are a number of techniques to use and they can be combined in various ways to create the most cost effective strategy for your needs. This can include online, branding, public relations and advertising. The additional elements that make up your marketing strategy are- 5.People: (the employees of the organization with whom customers come into contact) Every employee in your business (if you have them) can influence the marketing of your products and services. Knowledgeable and friendly staff can contribute to creating satisfied customers, and can provide the unique selling experience that an organisation is often seeking. If an outstanding team provides a competitive advantage, then the quality of recruitment and  training becomes essential to achieving your marketing objectives. Make sure you have processes and training in place to get the most out of your team. 6.Process: Process represents the buying experience the customer gets when they buy your product or service. For example, the way a fine bottle of wine is presented and served in a restaurant, the reaction of a business to a complaint or the speed of delivery in a fast food outlet. A poor process can undermine the other elements of the marketing mix. Budget airlines, for example, may offer very competitive headline prices, but if the final price is inflated by additional charges such as baggage charges and administrative fees, customers may begin to feel they have been taken advantage of. Try to document your key processes and procedures so your staff and suppliers know what to aim for. 7.Physical evidence: (pertains to how you, your products, or your company is presented in the market place) The physical environment where your products or services are sold and delivered can have a significant impact on how your customers experience your business. The physical environment can be the quality of the furnishings in your consulting rooms, the design of your reception area or website. Creating a positive physical environment doesn’t have to be costly – a vase full of fresh flowers or a creative window display can make a big difference. Many marketing specialists are now seeing the 4Ps as too product-oriented and have adopted the 4Cs marketing mix. In recent times, the concept of four Cs has been introduced as a more customer-driven replacement of four Ps. And there are two four Cs theories today. One is Lauterborns four Cs- (consumer, cost, communication, convenience), another is Shimizus four Cs- (commodity, cost, communication, channel). Communication represents a broader focus. Communications can include advertising, public relations, personal selling, viral advertising, and any form of communication between the organization and the consumer. Place (Distribution) Convenience With the rise of Internet and hybrid models of purchasing, Place is becoming less relevant. Convenience takes into account the ease of buying the product, finding the product, finding information about the product, and several other factors. Robert F. Lauterborn proposed a four Cs classification in 1993[7] which is a more consumer-oriented version of the four Ps that attempts to better fit the movement from mass marketing to niche marketing: After Koichi Shimizu proposed a four Cs classification in 1973, this was expanded to the Seven Cs Compass Model to provide a more complete picture of the nature of marketing in 1981. It attempts to explain the success or failure of a firm within a market and is somewhat analogous to Michael Porters diamond model, which tries to explain the success and failure of different countries economically. P category Promotional Mix free essay sample Explain what promotional Mix is and what each thing does. Promotion mix elements are advertising, sales promotions, public relations, personal selling, and direct marketing. Promotion mix is when a company’s promotion strategy focuses on more than one element, so the challenge is to integrate these different communication tools in an effective way. To be sure promotion mixes works with the overall marketing mix, thereby combining elements of promotion with place, price, and product to position the firm’s offering in peoples minds. Promotion mix is broken down into three parts Mass Appeals (advertising, sales promotion, and public relations), Personal Appeals (personal selling and direct marketing), and Buzz Appeals (word of mouth). Mass Appeals Advertising is nonpersonal communication from an identified sponsor using the mass media. Advertising can establish and reinforce a distinctive brand identity. That helps marketers bond with customers and boost sales. Advertising can also be very expensice, so firms must ensure that their messages are effective. We will write a custom essay sample on Promotional Mix or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Adversiting is the highest extent of marketers control over communication. Sales promotions includes programs such as contests, coupons, or other incentives that marketers design to build intrested in or encourage purchases of a product during a specified period. Sales promotion provide retailers with incentives to support brands, and build excitement for retailers and consumers. Side effects of sales promotions is that it doesn’t focus on brand loyality, and the number of competing promotions may make it hard to break through the promotional clutter. Public relations is a communication activites that create or maintain a positive image of a firm and its products. Public relations is relatively has low cost and has high credibility. The effects on public relations is that it is a poor message control, which means it has no gurrantee that message will even reach the target. This makes it difficult to track the results. -Personal Appeals Personal selling is direct interaction between a company representative and a customer. Personal selling is direct contact with the customer and gives the salesperson the opportunity to be flexible, so they can modify the sales message to coincide with the customer’s needs. Also, personal selling can get immediate feedback from the customers. The bad effects to personal appeals is a high cost per contact with customers. Difficult to ensure consistency of message when it is delivered by many different company representatives. Direct marketing is the efforts to gain a direct response from individual consumers. Direct marking can target specific groups of potential customers with different offers. Markets can easlity measure the results, and can provide extensive information and multiple offers with a single appeal. Also, direct marketing can collect information for a company marketing database. The downfalls to direct markerting is consumers may have negative opinion of some type of direct marketing, and also, direct marketing cost more per contact than mass appeals. -Buzz Appeals- Buzz appeal is a type of promotion mix, which has the lowest extent of marketer’s control over communication. Buzz appeals is a clutter of types of promotional mix. Word-of-mouth the act of consumer creating and distributing marketing- relevant information to another consumer. Word-of-mouth marketing is an effort by an organization to affect how consumers create and distribute marketing-relevant information to another consumer. Buzz marketing is using high-profile entertainment or news to get people to talk about their brand. Viral marketing is creating entertaining or informative message designed to be passed along in an exponential fashion, often electronically or by e-mail. Guerrilla marketing is an â€Å"ambush† to consumers with promotional content in every place they are not expecting to encounter this kind of activity. Experiential marketing is marketing technique that helps to connect consumers actual interact with there brand, so they can make a more informed purchased decision. Consumer-generated media is opions, comments, and product-related stories avaiable to others consumers through digital media. Bad side effects to the buzz marketing is that activities are designed to decieve consumers, direct advertising mostly at young adults, damanges property, stealth marketing activities deliberately deceive or lie on behalf of clients, and online SPAM is used.